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Kailasa temple, Ellora
The Kailasa (Sanskrit: ) temple is one of the largest rock-cut ancient Hindu temples located in Ellora, Maharashtra, India and it is a megalith carved out of one single rock. It was built in the 8th century by the Rashtrakuta king Krishna I as attested in Kannada inscriptions. This is one of the 34 temples and monasteries known collectively as the Ellora Caves. These extend over more than 2 km, were dug side by side in the wall of a high basalt cliff in the complex located at Ellora. The Kailasa (cave 16) is a remarkable example of Dravidian architecture on account of its striking proportion, elaborate workmanship, architectural content, and sculptural ornamentation of rock-cut architecture.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ellora UNESCO World Heritage Site )〕〔Hermann Kulke, Dietmar, Rothermund. (2004). ''A history of India''. pp 120〕 The temple was commissioned and completed between 757-783 CE, when Krishna I ruled the Rashtrakuta dynasty.〔 It is designed to recall Mount Kailash, the home of Lord Shiva.
==Method of Construction==
The Kailasa Temple 〔http://atmaprajnananda.blogspot.in/2012/10/kailasanatha-temple-kanchipuram.html〕 is notable for its ''vertical'' excavation—carvers started at the top of the original rock, and excavated downward. The traditional methods were rigidly followed by the master architect which could not have been achieved by excavating from the front.
It is estimated that about 400,000 tons of rocks were scooped out over a period of 20 years to construct this monolithic structure.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kailasanatha Temple - Ellora )〕 From the chisel marks on walls of this temple, archeologists could conclude that three types of chisels were used to carve this temple.〔http://www.travelblog.org/Asia/India/Maharashtra/Ellora-Caves/blog-324678.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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